Bachelor's Essays

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An Analysis of the Biological and Physical Relationships in the Coral Reefs of Menjangan Island: Effect of Decling Coral Cover on Ecological Complexity
(2013-11-04) Lehman, Amber Pearl; Dustan, Phillip
Reef rugosity, the standard index of coral reef physical complexity, has classically been determined as the ratio between a taught rope and a chain draped onto the substrate of a reef. A new method of measuring reef rugosity, termed Digital Reef Rugosity has recently been pioneered by Phillip Dustan. It is believed, as is true with other biological communities, that increased habitat complexity in a coral population will lead to an increased fish species diversity. The Biosphere Foundation carried out a four month expedition to Bali, Indonesia to access the vitality of Menjangan Island's coral reefs. We found that Balinese coral reefs with greater structural complexity (rugosity) contain more fish most probably due to increased niche diversity. Additionally, reefs with more diverse coral communities also tend to have greater fish species diversity. Thus both physical and biological complexity are significant components of coral reef ecological integrity. However, the correlation between coral and fish biodiversity degrades as a function of decreasing coral cover. Weakening coral and fish diversity relationships with decreasing coral cover may indicate a “tipping point” where the coral reef communitiy begins to collapse.
ARTIST’S PERSPECTIVES ON ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY AND SUCCESS
(2013-11-04) Harbeck, Allison Kate; Hansen, David
Behavioral Changes and Morphological Plasticity in the Prefrontal Cortex during Neuropathic Pain
(2013-11-04) Hughes, Hannah Alicia; Meyer-Bernstein, Elizabeth; Riegel, Arthur C.$
Chronic pain is a serious public health problem that is often intractable to known therapies. While cellular adaptations that occur in the periphery and spinal cord are fairly well-understood, less is known about adaptations that occur in the brain that alter how pain is perceived. Neuropathic pain is associated with the development of an affective state, and that state shapes ongoing cognitive and emotional processes. The first goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the onset of sensory pain and the development of the affective component. To evaluate these factors, we used the spared nerve injury (SNI) model for neuropathic pain in rats. Following SNI, we measured the pain threshold (allodynia) elicited by Von Frey filaments and evaluated ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs, 22KHz). We showed that there is an immediate and constant reduction in the pain threshold following SNI; however, USVs develop over time. This indicates that the affective component of pain develops after a prolonged period of sensory pain. Pain-related affect is mediated by the prefrontal cortex. The second goal of this study was to evaluate cellular adaptions that occur in the PFC that may contribute to the development of the affective component of pain. Immunocytochemical studies by collaborators show that there is increased expression of c-Fos in the contralateral prelimbic (PrL) region of rat prefrontal cortex following SNI, and that expression is colocalized to the expression of CaMKII. These results suggest that glutamatergic pyramidal cells are affected by SNI, and electrophysiological studies in these cells show that they are hyperexcitable. This study evaluated the dendritic spine population in PrL pyramidal cells following SNI. As a control experiment, we evaluated dendritic spines on pyramidal cells in the visual cortex. We showed an increase in the population of filopodia spines at day 30 and long thin spines at days 7 and 30 post-SNI. There was no change in the spine population in the visual cortex. Long thin spines have been referred to as “learning” spines because they are preferential sites for LTP, and this pain-induced increase in spine density may reflect a mechanism for “learning” of pain-related affect.
Between the Sea and Forest Deep
(2013-11-04) Graudin, Jacob; Lott, Bret
Circadian Rhythms of Temperature Entrainment in Nematostella vectensis
(2013-11-04) James, Melissa Rebecca; Meyer-Bernstein, Elizabeth L
We have been investigating the circadian system of the sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis to determine if temperature can act as a temporal cue to the circadian clock. The animals’ locomotor activity was initially synchronized to a 24hr photoperiod, and subsequently exposed to a temperature cycle (22:32 degrees C). We have found that temperature can be effective in synchronizing the circadian clock in N. vectensis and that the animals are more active in the cooler temperatures. In addition to the behavioral analysis, we have recently identified a temperature sensitive protein, hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin, which regulates peroxidase levels and oscillates with temperature in erythrocytes. Our preliminary results suggest that this protein expression could oscillate in expression with temperature cycles in N. vectensis. We plan to identify components of the temperature entrainment pathway that provide input to the molecular clock. This will offer insight into the circadian system of Cnidarians and circadian clock evolution.
Community Displacement in Peru
(2013-11-04) Huey, Zachary S; Huber, Brad
The bachelor's essay provides an overview of current mining practices in Peru. It provides an in depth look at the stakeholders and how mining, as of now, has resulted in environmental damage and civil unrest in the region. The conclusion is change is possible by ensuring the communities affected by the mining sites gain a greater share of the profits, and a more prominent position in deciding future mineral development.
Cuban Art & the Development of a National Identity
(2013-11-04) Blayney, Nancy; Friedman, Douglas
Cyber-physical Architecture, Cloud Computing and Mobility: The Vertical Design of a Sensor-Based, Microcontroller System Incorporating Predictive Analytics
(2013-11-04) Binnicker, William Woodrow; Starr, Chris
Drivers of Change in Military Integration Policy
(2013-11-04) Legette, Chelsea; Ford , Lynne
This paper examines what drives change in the personnel policy of the United States military, especially with regard to integrating minority groups into the armed forces. This paper will first lay out the existing research regarding institutional change, as well as the existing research regarding race, sexual orientation, and gender in the military. I will then discuss three different case studies of integration in the military: race, sexual orientation, and gender. I will examine four specific drivers of change in military personnel policy: public opinion, civilian activists, institutional support, and performance in combat. This paper seeks to answer the question of which of those four drivers was most influential in each case, and why that was the most influential driver of change.
Grazie: The Beginnings of a Travel Memoir
(2013-11-04) Krouse, Lauren E; Lott, Bret
High Throughput Whole Mitochondrial Gene Sequencing of Sharks and Rays
(2013-11-04) Judd, Mollianna Rose; Naylor, Gavin JP
Influence of the Depiction of Video Game Female Warrior Figures and the Effect On Video Game Play and Enjoyment as well as Attitudes Toward Women
(2013-11-04) Hogston, Robert Clayton; Wright, Jennifer
Video games are incredibly widespread. According to some statistics, 41% of homes now possess a video game console of some type. With such a large audience playing video games and consuming the images and ideals associated with them, some effect would have to be seen on the population that play these games the most. This population is mainly made up of children, teenagers, and young adults. These individuals are consuming on a near daily basis images of violence, sexuality, and aggression that are not always accurate to reality. In particular, female characters are most like to exhibit a mix of sexuality and aggression in these video games. More often than not, women are portrayed as idealized sexual beings while also being aggressors or as the object of aggression. This juxtaposition leads to the conclusion that video games could have a negative effect on the beliefs and attitudes surrounding violence against women as well as both hostile and benevolent sexism.
Mutated Frataxin in Determining the Mechanisms of the Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly
(2013-11-04) Hsu, Li-yang; Riggs-Gelasco, Pamela J
Friedreich’s Ataxia is a neurodegenerative disease that results in dysarthria, muscle weakness, spasticity in the lower limbs, scoliosis, bladder dysfunction, loss of lower limb reflexes, and loss of position and vibration senses6. The cause of this disease is generally associated with reduced levels of the protein frataxin. The deficiency in the mitochondrial iron-binding protein frataxin results in diminished activity of various mitochondrial iron-sulfur proteins and influence energy production in cells5. It is known that frataxin is involved in Fe-S cluster assembly and that it interacts with other scaffold or partner proteins such as Isu1 and IsdI. To further understand the mechanism of frataxin and its role in iron homeostasis, we identified conserved amino acids of the protein that are thought to participate in binding iron and set out to mutate these residues to evaluate changes to frataxin activity. We report here our attempts to generate the frataxin mutant D102H.
Overindulgence- An Exploration of Decadence and Gluttony
(2013-11-04) Hansen, Kathleen Elizabeth; Johnson, Steve
Placement of the Mentally Ill in America's State Prison Systems: A Comparative Case Study of New York and South Carolina's State Prisons
(2013-11-04) Kavalerchik, Miriam; Wofford, Claire; Hoffmann, Heath$
Pretend Play as a Medium for Moral Development in Young Children
(2013-11-04) James, Sarah; Wright, Jennifer
"Homosexual Panic" in Turn of the Century Gothic Literature
(2013-11-04) Imko, Victor; Carens, Tim; Duvall, Mike$; Kelly, Joe$
Sexual Assualt Reporting and Negative Psychological Outcomes among Adolescents
(2013-11-04) McNallan, Liana; Hoffmann, Heath
An overview of current literature on sexual assault is provided. The present study addresses reporting rates of adolescent victims of sexual assault and resulting effects on negative mental health outcomes such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive episodes (MDE). Data from the National Survey of Adolescents were analyzed. Results show significantly greater occurrence of PTSD and MDE in sexual assault victims than in non-victims. Differences in PTSD and MDE between victims of sexual assault who report assaults to police and those who do not were not statistically significant. Future research and policy implications of this research are discussed.
Sweetgrass Basket Stands under Siege
(2013-11-04) Marshall, Catherine Fay; Rosengarten, Dale
The Changing Face of Charlotte: Political Participation in the Developing Latino Community
(2013-11-04) Gooding, Emily Louise; France, Hollis

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Browsing Bachelor's Essays by Issue Date "2013-11-04"

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